In the past decade, technological advancements have accelerated exponentially, changing the nature of communication, political strategy, and defense. Despite a wide range of improvements in conventional security and weapons systems, arguably providing a significant an unprecedented level of physical security against traditional attacks in most developed countries, these advancements have catalysed a new era of hybrid warfare and unconventional attacks.
These terms generally connote the use of irregular tactics, such as cyber, economic, psychological, and disinformation attacks to exploit an enemies' weakness, and potentially preempt or support a conventional attack. This changing nature of warfare and security has contributed to a rapidly shifting geopolitical landscape, disrupting traditional power balances, long-standing alliances, multilateral institutions, and international organisations.